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Efficiency evaluation of material and energy flows, a case study of Chinese cities

机译：Efficiency evaluation of material and energy flows, a case study of Chinese cities

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The environmental impact of materials and energy is an important concern when cities and regions produce goods and services. To examine this requires an evaluation tool which can deal with the complex system of resources, energy inputs, products and wastes involved. This paper evaluates the urban material and energy flow efficiencies of 31 cities in China using a combination of the Data Envelopment Analysis model and Principal Component Analysis method. The results show that the urban flow system is composed of several input and output principal components, including energy, materials, urban capital investment, overall output, wastes, and others. In 2010, 16 cities were efficient as judged by the material and energy inputs and outputs. The remaining 15 cities were not efficient, primarily due to product shortfalls and waste excesses. Since 2000, half of the analyzed cities experienced a decline in the urban flow efficiencies, while only six cities showed a positive trend. The reasons include excess inputs of coal, coke, electricity, cement, investment, as well as output shortfalls in terms of overall output, wastes, services, agriculture and transport. We conclude that key priorities for improving urban systems with material and energy flow inefficiency are the use of urban renewable supplies, focus on sustainable endogenous development model, and improvement management of waste output, in order to increase efficiency and sustain economic growth. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：当城市和地区生产商品和服务时，材料和能源对环境的影响是一个重要问题。要对此进行检查，需要一种评估工具，该工具可以处理涉及资源，能源输入，产品和废物的复杂系统。本文结合数据包络分析模型和主成分分析方法，对中国31个城市的物质和能源流动效率进行了评估。结果表明，城市流量系统由几个投入和产出的主要组成部分组成，包括能源，材料，城市资本投资，总产出，废物等。根据物质和能源的投入和产出，2010年有16个城市是高效的。其余15个城市效率不高，主要是由于产品短缺和浪费过多。自2000年以来，一半的分析城市的城市通行效率下降，而只有六个城市呈现出积极的趋势。原因包括煤炭，焦炭，电力，水泥，投资的过多投入，以及总产出，废物，服务，农业和运输方面的产出不足。我们得出结论，在物质和能源流效率低下的情况下，改善城市系统的关键优先事项是使用城市可再生能源，关注可持续的内生发展模式以及改善废物输出的管理，以提高效率和维持经济增长。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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